Sprite shrinking: Difference between revisions

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Shrinking (also known as scaling, reduction, and "zooming") is a hardware feature of the NeoGeo which allows to scale down [[sprites]] with per-pixel accuracy in 2 dimensions.
Shrinking (also known as scaling, reduction, and "zooming") is a hardware feature of the NeoGeo which allows to scale down [[sprites]] with per-pixel accuracy in both dimensions.


It can be seen as a simple subsampling of the original graphics since there's no smoothing at all.
Shrinking is performed by [[LSPC]] by skipping a variable number of pixel lines or columns. It can be seen as a simple subsampling of the original graphics since there's no smoothing applied at all.


=Vertical shrinking=
=Vertical shrinking=


Vertical shrinking is set by an 8-bit value indicating the final height of the sprite's '''graphics'''. This value is set in [[VRAM]], in the [[Sprites|SCB2]].
The vertical shrinking is set by an 8-bit value specifying the final height of the sprite's '''graphics'''. This value is set in [[VRAM]], in the [[Sprites|SCB2]].


Range: $FF is the tallest, $0 is the smallest.
Range: $FF is the tallest, $0 is the smallest.


To know which line to skip, the [[GPU]] uses a lookup table stored in the {{Chipname|L0 ROM}}.
To know which line to skip, LSPC uses a lookup table stored in the {{Chipname|L0 ROM}}.


Vertical shrink propagates in [[Sticky bit|chained sprites]].
The vertical shrink parameter propagates in [[Sticky bit|chained sprites]].


==Caveat: Display window==
==Caveat: Display window==
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==Caveat: Last line repeat==
==Caveat: Last line repeat==


If the display window of a vertically shrinked sprite is taller than the shrunk graphics, the remaining lines will be filled with repeats of the last line of the last tile (the bottom line of the tile at map index 15).
If the display window of a sprite is taller than the shrunk graphics, the remaining lines will be filled with repeats of the last line of the last tile (the bottom line of the tile at map index 15).


SNK recommends leaving that line fully transparent if this causes problems.
SNK recommends leaving that line fully transparent if this causes problems.
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=Horizontal shrinking=
=Horizontal shrinking=


The horizontal shrinking is set by a 4-bit value indicating the final width of the sprite graphics +1 (giving 1 to 16 pixels wide sprites). This value is also set in [[Sprites|SCB2]].
The horizontal shrinking is set by a 4-bit value specifying the final width of the sprite graphics +1 (giving 1 to 16 pixels wide sprites). This value is also set in [[Sprites|SCB2]].


Range: $F is full size (all 16 pixels shown), $0 is the smallest (only 1 pixel shown).
Range: $F is full size (all 16 pixels shown), $0 is the smallest (only 1 pixel shown).


Horizontal shrink does '''not''' propagate in chained sprites. Values for each sprite of a block have to be distributed to obtain the total desired block width.
The horizontal shrink parameter does '''not''' propagate in chained sprites. Values for each sprite of a group [[Scaling sprite groups|have to be distributed]] to obtain the total desired group width.


Pixel skipping for rendering is done with a "bit matrix" lookup table inside the [[GPU]]. This table is '''not''' in the L0 ROM.
There is no external lookup table for horizontal shrinking. The process is completely done inside LSPC.
 
In the following table, each line corresponds to a shrinking value. 1 means the pixel will be drawn and 0 means it will be skipped (info from MAME's source, matches the real hardware):
For each shrinking value on a sprite line, 1 means the pixel will be drawn and 0 means it will be skipped (info from MAME's source, matches the real hardware):


[[File:Hshrink.gif|thumb|Horizontal shrink effect on a multicolored tile, showing how pixels are skipped.]]
[[File:Hshrink.gif|thumb|Horizontal shrink effect on a multicolored tile, showing how pixels are skipped.]]
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=Centering=
=Centering=


Centering can be required since the "anchor point" of sprites is fixed at their top left.
Centering can be required since the "anchor point" of sprites is fixed at their top left corner.


The X offset is -((hshrink+1)/2). The Y offset is -(vshrink+1).
Todo: code example.


[[Category:Video system]]
[[Category:Video system]]

Latest revision as of 06:52, 13 October 2018

Shrinking (also known as scaling, reduction, and "zooming") is a hardware feature of the NeoGeo which allows to scale down sprites with per-pixel accuracy in both dimensions.

Shrinking is performed by LSPC by skipping a variable number of pixel lines or columns. It can be seen as a simple subsampling of the original graphics since there's no smoothing applied at all.

Vertical shrinking

The vertical shrinking is set by an 8-bit value specifying the final height of the sprite's graphics. This value is set in VRAM, in the SCB2.

Range: $FF is the tallest, $0 is the smallest.

To know which line to skip, LSPC uses a lookup table stored in the L0 ROM.

The vertical shrink parameter propagates in chained sprites.

Caveat: Display window

Note that vertical shrinking does not affect the tile height setting of the sprite. The graphics are shrunk inside the defined window.

Caveat: Last line repeat

If the display window of a sprite is taller than the shrunk graphics, the remaining lines will be filled with repeats of the last line of the last tile (the bottom line of the tile at map index 15).

SNK recommends leaving that line fully transparent if this causes problems.

Horizontal shrinking

The horizontal shrinking is set by a 4-bit value specifying the final width of the sprite graphics +1 (giving 1 to 16 pixels wide sprites). This value is also set in SCB2.

Range: $F is full size (all 16 pixels shown), $0 is the smallest (only 1 pixel shown).

The horizontal shrink parameter does not propagate in chained sprites. Values for each sprite of a group have to be distributed to obtain the total desired group width.

There is no external lookup table for horizontal shrinking. The process is completely done inside LSPC. In the following table, each line corresponds to a shrinking value. 1 means the pixel will be drawn and 0 means it will be skipped (info from MAME's source, matches the real hardware):

Horizontal shrink effect on a multicolored tile, showing how pixels are skipped.
  • 0: 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 (15 pixel skipped, 1 remaining)
  • 1: 0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 (14 pixels skipped...)
  • 2: 0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0
  • 3: 0,0,1,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0
  • 4: 0,0,1,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,1,0
  • 5: 0,0,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,1,0
  • 6: 0,0,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,0
  • 7: 1,0,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,0
  • 8: 1,0,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0
  • 9: 1,0,1,1,1,0,1,0,1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0
  • A: 1,0,1,1,1,0,1,0,1,1,1,0,1,0,1,1
  • B: 1,0,1,1,1,0,1,1,1,1,1,0,1,0,1,1
  • C: 1,0,1,1,1,0,1,1,1,1,1,0,1,1,1,1
  • D: 1,1,1,1,1,0,1,1,1,1,1,0,1,1,1,1
  • E: 1,1,1,1,1,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1 (...1 pixel skipped)
  • F: 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1 (no pixels skipped, full size)

Centering

Centering can be required since the "anchor point" of sprites is fixed at their top left corner.

Todo: code example.